The department offers a Doctor of Philosophy degree with a major in economics. The department also offers supporting course work for the Master of Public Administration degree, the Master of Business Administration degree and Doctor of Philosophy degree with a major in management. Applicants must have had coursework in economics and must have a mathematics background including three semesters of calculus and linear algebra. We also recommend that the applicant have course work in the proof of theorems. Master of Arts: The Department offers a Master of Arts degree. Students are required to complete the Ph.D. core and finish at least two additional graduate courses in economics. A minimum of 30 total units is required. The Master's degree trains students in both theoretical and applied economic methods that will prepare them for positions of responsibility in the public and private sectors. The student will be given a comprehensive examination over the core program and field after course work is completed. Doctor of Philosophy: The Ph.D. in Economics prepares students for faculty positions in colleges and universities and for senior level research positions in government and private industry. All Ph.D. students must complete a set of core courses in economic theory and quantitative methods. Beyond the core, each student selects seminar courses and participates in workshops in two areas of specialization. Given the nature of the Ph.D. degree, it is an overriding program objective that graduates will influence the progression of knowledge in their respective fields. Accordingly, in addition to rigorous up-to-date training, the program places strong emphasis on providing students with ample opportunity to become familiar with and participate in all stages of research. A minimum of 18 dissertation credits comprise the curriculum. The coursework consists of a 24-unit core of coursework including 501a-501b-501c, 502a, 508, 520, 522a-522b, 18 units of 696 economics seminar courses, and 6 units of economics workshop courses. The successful completion of all coursework and written and oral comprehensive examinations, and written presentation and final oral defense of the dissertation, are required for the doctoral degree. There is no foreign language requirement. Motivated students may expect to complete the degree in four years. Those who have completed previous graduate work at other institutions may in some cases transfer up to 12 credit hours of course work.